Rural Health

During the last century the United States moved rapidly from a rural to an urban-based society. More than 80 percent of the U.S. population now lives in urban areas, which has created many challenges for rural populations, including decreased access to quality health care. Rural areas are more dispersed with fewer resources, naturally leading to fewer health care options, especially when individuals are in need of specialists. Health care providers also generally receive less compensation in rural areas, creating nursing, dentist, and physician shortages. These issues and others have led to health disparities between rural and urban populations that have widened more recently.

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Facts

  • Nearly 20 percent of the U.S. population, or 60 million people, live in rural areas, yet only 8% of all physicians work there.

    Rural Health Fact Sheet, Office of Rural Health. September 2009.

  • Large metropolitan areas have 62 dentists per 100,000 people versus 29 per 100,000 people in the most rural counties.

    Meeting Oral Health Care Needs in Rural America, National Rural Health Association, August 2005.

  • Rural residents have higher rates of age-adjusted mortality, disability, and chronic disease than their metropolitan counterparts.

    Health Status and Health Care Access of Farm and Rural Populations, USDA Economic Research Service, August 2009.

  • Abuse of alcohol and use of smokeless tobacco is a significant problem among rural youth.

    What's Different about Rural Health Care? National Rural Health Association: http://www.ruralhealthweb.org/go/left/about-rural-health

  • The vast majority of substance abuse treatment facilities are located in either a metropolitan county or a county adjacent to a metro county.

    Distribution of Substance Abuse Treatment Facilities Across the Rural – Urban Continuum, Maine Rural Health Research Center, February 2008.

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